Background The Respiration Activity Monitoring System (RAMOS) is an established device to measure on-line the oxygen transfer rate (OTR), thereby, yielding relevant information about metabolic activities of microorganisms and cells during shake flask fermentations. For very fast-growing microbes, however, the RAMOS technique provides too few data points for the OTR. Thus, this current study presents a new model based evaluation method for generating much more data points to enhance the information content and the precision of OTR measurements. Ek tha ladka ek thi ladki deewani download. ![]() Samiul Amin, Thomas W. Kermis, Ryan M. Van Zanten, Stephen J. Dees, and John H. Streptavidin 2D Crystals on Supported Phospholipid Bilayers: Toward. Nanoparticle Engineering of Complex Fluid Behavior. Monte Carlo Simulation of the Adsorption Equilibrium of a Model Surfactant Solution on. SIMULATIES VAN LIGHTRAILVOERTUIGEN IN 3D Simuleer de bewegingen van ontwerpvoertuigen op een door de gebruiker samengesteld alignement (horizontaal, profiel en verkanting) in 2D en in 3D, dat gevoelig is voor hoogteverschillen en verkanting. Gebruikers kunnen bovendien eigenschappen zoals 2D-lijntype, voertuigtype en andere elementen beheren. Download thomas and friends videos in hindi. Results In cultivations with E.coli BL21 pRSET eYFP-IL6, short diauxic and even triauxic metabolic activities were detected with much more detail compared to the conventional evaluation method. The decline of the OTR during the stop phases during oxygen limitations, which occur when the inlet and outlet valves of the RAMOS flask were closed for calibrating the oxygen sensor, were also detected. Super street fighter 4 arcade edition pc keyboard fixers. These declines reflected a reduced oxygen transfer due to the stop phases. In contrast to the conventional calculation method the new method was almost independent from the number of stop phases chosen in the experiments. Shake flasks are widely used in fermentations for biotechnological research and industrial process development[, ]. For gaining a better understanding and control of shake flask cultivations, various methods have been recently developed for online monitoring of process parameters. Monitoring of pH-values in shake flasks has been realized both with standard autoclavable pH-probes that are immersed in the bulk liquid[ ] and with fluorescent optodes fixed at the flask wall that allow optical measurement[ – ]. Moreover, dissolved oxygen tension (DOT) can in principle be measured in shake flasks by using either Clark-type electrodes[ – ] or optical sensors based on dynamic quenching of luminescence[ – ]. These non-invasive measurement methods have proven to be more reliable, since they do not alter the hydrodynamics of the culture system due to baffling effects[, ]. As shown in numerous studies, almost all metabolic activities of aerobic microorganisms depend on the oxygen consumption of the culture[, – ]. Therefore, online measuring techniques are also useful for determining the gas transfer rates in shake flasks. The company BlueSens GmbH (Herten, Germany) has developed a system that measures the gas transfer rates in the headspace of shake flasks down to nominal flask volumes of 500 mL[ ]. As an alternative method, the Respiration Activity Monitoring System (RAMOS) presented by Anderlei et al.[, ], represents another non-invasive measurement technique which allows the online determination of oxygen transfer rate (OTR), carbon dioxide transfer rate (CTR) and respiratory quotient (RQ) in shake flasks down to 100 ml.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |